Plants A unique island flora
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are home to a small but remarkable range of plant life. Across the 22 vegetated islands, there are around 61 native vascular plant species, including pisonia, rich green thickets of octopus bush and beach cabbage.
There are also around 69 introduced species, most of which grow on West Island and Home Island. Together, these plants help shape the distinctive character of the islands’ landscapes.
Plants Plants with a purpose
Life on a remote island has meant learning to value the resources close at hand. Some local plants have long been appreciated for their practical uses as well as their role in the environment.
The beach almond, or ketapang, produces an edible kernel that often washes up along the shore. Pemphis acidula, found along the lagoon shoreline, has a hard timber that resists rot and warping, making it useful for knife handles and walking canes.
Cordia subcordata, also known as ironwood, was heavily harvested during early settlement for its strong, termite-resistant timber. It also remains an important nesting tree for seabirds.
Other trees, including beach calophyllum, provide food and shelter for wildlife. White terns favour it for nesting, while crabs feed on its seeds.
